alireza kaab; Anzer R.N
Abstract
Today, budgets are considered by many as a powerful tool to conduct and control internal and external affairs of an organization. Nowadays, budget, budgeting and budgetary controls are the priority of every manufacturing and service entities. Top management in organizations using budgets as a tool to ...
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Today, budgets are considered by many as a powerful tool to conduct and control internal and external affairs of an organization. Nowadays, budget, budgeting and budgetary controls are the priority of every manufacturing and service entities. Top management in organizations using budgets as a tool to monitor and control the financial and non-financial activities occurs within their organization. The method of the current research is empirical which tests the feasibility of solution using empirical evidences based on the statistical applications. The study considered SENSEX 30 companies listed in Bombay Stock Exchange. Statistical population consisted of, 5 top-level managers from each company which will be 150 respondents, 8 mid-level managers from each company that would be 240 respondents and 12 lower-level supervisory cadres from each company, 360 respondents. The total population is 750 respondents. “Simple Random Sampling Technique” used in the current study. Primary Data were collected by using an Interview Schedule specifically developed for the purpose and is finalized after conducting the pilot survey. The collected primary data are validated, tabulated and classified. Secondary data were collected from published articles, the companies Act, Accounting Standards Manual published by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, Websites, journals and other Validate material. Annual report of the companies is used as a major source of secondary data. Data analysis is made by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and interpretations are made on the basis of statistical tools.The results of research indicated the majority of Indian companies setting budgeting system in accordance of accounting standards. The results of the current study also show some significant factors that to be considered by organization while setting budgets are existed.
Mehdi Mehdi darvishan; Mohammadreza Abdoli; Mohammad Mehdi Hosseini; Esmail Alibeiki
Abstract
Choosing the right investment mechanism is one of the main tasks for any investor, requiring careful analysis and research of all available information Therefore, no investor knows exactly whether their expectations regarding the return on particular equity will be met, but they need to build their strategy ...
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Choosing the right investment mechanism is one of the main tasks for any investor, requiring careful analysis and research of all available information Therefore, no investor knows exactly whether their expectations regarding the return on particular equity will be met, but they need to build their strategy in such a way as to eliminate the damage as much as possible in the event of an unfavorable outcome. The aim of this study is Predicting Optimal Portfolio by Analysis Systems of Algorithm. Accordingly, 98 firms of Tehran Stock Exchange were examined in the 2015-2019 period. In this study, by separating value stocks and growth stocks, random portfolios were selected to test the research hypotheses and for analysis, two algorithms Support Vector Machines and an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System were used to select the most desirable portfolio. The results confirm the difference between the Sortino portfolio and the Marquitz portfolio according to the analysis of the support vector machine algorithm decision-makers often rely on growth stocks to form their portfolios, stocks that can boost their expected returns. Therefore, recognizing the analytical nature of portfolio formation in terms of specialized areas can help increase investment analysis and pave the way for higher returns.